Effects of cyclopropenoid fatty acids on liver plasma membranes of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

by Donald R. Marino

Written in English

Published: 1988 Pages: 80 Downloads: 454

Subjects:

Rainbow trout -- Metabolism.,
Cyclopropenoid fatty acids.,
Lipids -- Metabolism -- Disorders.

Edition Notes

The Physical Object
Statement	by Donald R. Marino.
Pagination	80 leaves, bound :
Number of Pages	80
ID Numbers
Open Library	OL15528819M

Download Read Online

known effect of CPFA's; their ability to induce hepatocytes of trout and rat to undergo cell division in vivo. Cyclopropenoid fatty acids in Ster-culia foetida oil were incorporated into a synthetic diet (6) at a dose level of parts per million (ppm) and fed freely to fingerling rainbow trout; con-trol fish were fed the synthetic diet alone. Studies so far, focussed mainly on omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs. In the present study, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and PUFAs of the omega-3, -6 and -9 series in plasma and erythrocytes of patients with recurrent major . Background. Phospholipids (PL) synthesis and metabolism were found to take place predominantly in hepatic tissue [].The fatty acids (FA) profile of liver PL and triglycerides (TG) is known to be influenced by many factors, including dietary intake, age, gender and endogenous metabolism [].FA plays a role in the modulation of membrane fluidity, interacts with intracellular signaling pathways. Cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPEFA), found in oilseeds from Malvaceae and Sterculiaceae, have been shown to interfere with the endogenous synthesis of several bioactive lipids of dairy fat, such as cis-9, trans and cis-9 , by inhibiting Δ9-desaturase. No previous study has reported the presence of sterculic acid in animal fat and its incorporation in tissues after its.

sterculic acid is a naturally occurring cyclopropenoid fatty acid. the distribution of radioactivity from sterculic acid, labeled on 9,methylene c of the cyclopropene ring, was investigated in trout, s gairdneri. of the admin dose, 50% was excreted in feces & urine by hr, but less than 1% of the dose was expired as co2 during the same time period. Fatty acids are an integral part of the phospholipids that make up the bulk of the plasma membranes, or cell membranes, of phospholipids can be cleaved into diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol trisphosphate (IP 3) through hydrolysis of the phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP 2), by the cell membrane bound enzyme phospholipase C (PLC). SFAs and trans fatty acids have a detrimental effect on plasma lipids, whereas PUFAs of the (n-6) family and monounsaturated fatty acids decrease plasma LDL-C concentrations. Among the SFAs, stearic acid () appears to have a neutral effect on LDL-C, while lauric (), myristic (), and palmitic () acids are considered to be. Plasma and liver microsomes were immediately frozen and stored at °C under nitrogen atmosphere. Two aliquots of plasma were used. The first aliquot was used to determine total plasma fatty acids. A solution of pen- tadecanoic acid (O) (20 mgldL) in chloroform was added to mL of plasma to obtain a final concentration of 10 mgl dL.

Insect meals are good candidates to replace fishmeal as new protein sources in aquafeeds. This study evaluated the effects of fishmeal replacement with different dietary inclusion levels of a partially defatted Tenebrio molitor (L.) larva meal (TM) on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) growth, diet digestibility, and hepatic intermediary metabolism. A day growth trial was. deficiency & imbalances due to dietary components in fish 1. Harapriya 2. Introduction Nutritional diseases, defined by Snieszko () as ‘the deficiency, excess, or improper balance of the components present in a fish’s diet’, An imbalanced diet consists of either an excess or inadequate intake of any dietary component.

Recent

Effects of cyclopropenoid fatty acids on liver plasma membranes of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) by Donald R. Marino Download PDF EPUB FB2

Cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA), which are a group of fatty acids produced by plants of the order Malvales, are known to induce adverse physiological effects when administered to a variety of animal species.

A structurally strained cyclopropene ring is present in all CPFA and is believed responsible for the toxic action of these fatty : Donald R. Marino. Three studies were conducted to determine the effects of cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA) on the membrane components of livers of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).

In the first study, ¹⁴C-sterculic acid was administered by intraperitoneal injection into rainbow trout and the trout maintained for 72 by: 3. Effects of cyclopropenoid fatty acids on liver plasma membranes of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) has therefore been\ud directed toward obtaining a better understanding as to how CPFA\ud induce toxic responses in rainbow trout.\ud Hepatic plasma membranes were isolated from both control\ud trout and trout which had consumed dietary CPFA.

COMPONENTS OF MICROSOMAL MEMBRANES INTRODUCTION Cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA) have biological properties that have generated a significant degree of interest in the cancer field.

They are naturally occurring fatty acids that have been shown to enhance the carcinogenic effect of aflatoxin B, (AFB,) in the liver of rainbow trout.

Graduation date: Three studies were conducted to determine the effects of\ud cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA) on the membrane components of livers\ud of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).

In the first study, ¹⁴C-sterculic\ud acid was administered by intraperitoneal injection into rainbow trout\ud and the trout maintained for 72 hours. Title; Effects of Cvclopropenoid Fatty Acids on Liver Plasma Membranes of Rainbcw Trout (Salmn qa-irrtngri) Abstract approved: Daniel P.

Selivondhidc cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA), which are a group of fatty acids produced by plants of the order Malvales, are known to induce adverse physiological effects when administered to a. Cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA) are a group of structurally unusual fatty acids that have been shown to cause various physiological effects in a number of species.

One of the effects that has been receiving increased attention is the cocarcinogenic activity of CPFA. CPFA have been shown to markedly enhance the carcinogenic effect of aflatoxin B, and its metabolites in the liver of rainbow trout.

A requirement for dietary lipid for induction of cytochrome P by phenobarbitone in rat liver microsomal fraction.

Bio- chem.Nixon, J. E., Eisele, T. A., Wales, J. & Sinnhuber, R. Effect of subacute toxic levels of dietary cyclopro- penoid fatty acids upon membrane function and fatty acid composition in the rat.

These acids are highly reactive but the cyclopropene ring is destroyed during refining and hydrogenation of the oils. They have attracted interest because they reduce levels of the enzyme stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase (SCD), which catalyzes the biodesaturation of stearic acid to oleic acid.

A structurally strained cyclopropene ring is present in all CPFA and is believed responsible for the toxic action of these fatty acids. Malvalic and sterculic acids are the two major cyclopropenoid fatty acids. For the first time, they have been isolated and assessed in separate feeding trials.

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed semipurified diets of 40, 50, 60 or 70% protein were subjected to day feeding trials of 50 ppm or ppm methyl sterculate or methy ma IvaI ate.

Male New Zealand rabbits were fed diets containing either % cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA) or % cholesterol or both in combination. Compared with control animals, those receiving CPFA tended to have higher plasma- and liver-cholesterol levels and a.

Effect of oxidized oil on the liver fatty acids of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) December Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry. Daniel P. Selivonchick's 37 research works with 1, citations and reads, including: Expression of hepatic pyruvate carboxylase mRNA in C57BL/6J Ahb/b and congenic Ahd/d mice exposed to 2,3,7.

The derivatives formed from the cyclopropenoid fatty acids are separated from the methyl esters of the normal fatty acids by gas‐liquid chromatography on a 15% diethylene glycol succinate column. The method is applicable to oils containing from % to % of cyclopropenoid fatty acids. Reference: Effect of cyclopropenoid fatty acids on membrane components of liver of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) / Ayres and, J.

Dietary Factors and Hepatoma in Rainbow Trout Citing article. Synergism between Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids and Chemical Carcinogens in Rainbow Trout {Salmo gairdneri) D. Lee, J. Wales, J. Ayers, and R. Sinnhuber Physiologic Activity of Some Fungal Estrogens Produced by Fusarium C. Mirocha, C.

Christensen, and G. Nelson Effects of Teratogenic Agents in Range Plants. Fish are rich in n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids.

Due to the increasing use of vegetable oils (VO), their proportion in diets has lowered, affecting lipid metabolism and fillet composition. Rainbow trout cultured preadipocytes were treated with representative FA found in fish oils (EPA and DHA) or VO (linoleic.

The fatty acids that are most commonly associated with laying hen toxicoses or structural or quality changes in eggs are erucic acid and cyclopropenoid fatty acids. Erucic acid: Adverse effects in laying hens from the consumption of erucic acid (C n−13), a major constituent of rapeseed oil, has been associated with decreased egg production and egg size as well as increased mortality due to.

Lee DJ, Wales JH, Ayres JL, Sinnhuber RO. Synergism between cyclopropenoid fatty acids and chemical carcinogens in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Cancer Res.

Nov; 28 (11)– Matlock JP, Nixon JE, Pawlowski NE. Altered lipid metabolism and impaired clearance of plasma cholesterol in mice fed cyclopropenoid fatty acids. In adrenal cholesteryl esters, adrenic acid ( n‐6) content was decreased more than its precursor.

The effects of HBO on the tissue lipid fatty acid profile were practically absent. It is concluded that inhibition of fatty acid desaturation by CPFA previously demonstrated in vitro, was reflected in vivo in tissue lipid fatty acid composition.

Igal, N.T. de Gómez Dumm, Dietary n-3 fatty acids influence the lipid composition and physical properties of liver microsomal membranes in diabetic rats, Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, /S(97), 56, 3, (), (). J.E. Nixon, T.A.

Eisele, J.H. Wales, R.O. SinnhuberEffect of subacute toxic levels of dietary cyclopropenoid fatty acids upon membrane function and fatty acid composition in the rat Lipids, 9 (), pp.

The cyclopropenoid acid content of oils extracted from 22 commercial varieties and 3 botanical species of cottonseed have been determined. The malvalic acid content determined by HBr titration varied from a low of % to a high of %.

The effects of dietary methyl esters of cyclopropanoid and cyclopropenoid fatty acids on the growth of larvae of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, the bollworm, Heliothis zea and the tob.

tentiate the carcinogenic effect of aflatoxin B1 in liver of rainbow trout Salmo gairdnerii (4, 5). The study re-ported here establishes a hitherto un-known effect of CPFA's; their ability to induce hepatocytes of trout and rat to undergo cell division in vivo.

Cyclopropenoid fatty acids in Ster-culia foetida oil were incorporated into a. Fatty acid composition of lipids in the trout—I. Influence of dietary fatty acids on the triglyceride fatty acid desaturation in serum, adipose tissue, liver, white and red muscle Article Dec Low-density lipids are known as bad cholesterol to many who suffer high cholesterol.

Also known as LDL, these lipids are transported through the blood stream, increasing risk of cardiovascular disease when levels are high. LDL is easily recognized in plasma as a cloudy formation. The purpose of this study was to examine the interaction between fatty acids and plasma membranes from liver cells.

We were unable to reproduce the reported effect of heating on the capacity of these. Composition and interactions of cell types in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver digested with collagenase and cultured in serum-free media were investigated.

Suspensions obtained after digesting trout liver with collagenase contained all the cell types present in the liver, including liver parenchymal cells (hepatocytes), biliary epithelial cells, sinusoidal endothelium, fat-storing.

Dietary fatty acids not only have an indirect effect on fish health due to peroxidation, but they are also directly implicated in immunity as important cell membrane constituents, as well as being precursors of prostaglandins in immuno-competent cells (Rowley et al., ; Chapter 11).The influence of essential fatty acids is further complicated by the variable requirements of fish species.compared to liver.

The mechanism(s) by which CPFA augment cell division remain to be elucidated; interesting points in this regard are that these fatty acids appear to be incorporated into tissue lipids (20) and cell membranes (unpublished observations).

In view ofthe central role of cell membranes, especially the plasma membrane in the regula.As ketone bodies are released into the plasma from only the liver [36,37], the higher BHB/fatty acid ratio suggests that the site of increased oxidation of fatty acids is the liver.

These data are also consistent with the recent data in obese patients with an increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation seen using 11 C palmitate positron emission.